Plants & Animals of Nigeria
564 species — 17 curated with local names, 547 regional · Africa · English, Yoruba, Hausa, Igbo, Efik, Ijaw.
Regional highlights
- Savanna and dry-forest flora dominated by acacias, baobabs and shea trees
- Rich ethnobotanical traditions: bitter leaf, moringa, roselle and neem
- Large-mammal megafauna and wetlands of continental importance
Plants
- Blood of JesusJusticia carneaEnglish (local)anaemiablood tonic
- Ewe igbale / Idagbo monoyeMoringa oleiferaYoruba
- DogonyaroAzadirachta indicaHausamalariafever
- Eti erinAloe veraYoruba
- Ata ile pupaCurcuma longaYoruba
- Scent leafOcimum gratissimumEnglish (local)pepper soupcoughmalaria
- EwuroVernonia amygdalinaYoruba
- AtaleZingiber officinaleYoruba
- PawpawCarica papayaEnglish (local)malaria (leaf tea)dengue
- EweduCorchorus olitoriusYorubaewedu soupdigestionconstipation
- Zobo / ZoborodoHibiscus sabdariffaHausazobo drinkhypertension
- Eeru alamoXylopia aethiopicaYorubapepper souppostpartum tonic
- UguTelfairia occidentalisIgbougu soupanaemiablood builder
- UtaziGongronema latifoliumIgboisi ewunkwobidiabetes
- UzizaPiper guineenseIgbouziza souppostpartum tonic
Animals
Regional species
- African peachNauclea latifoliaRubiaceaeEgbesi (Yoruba)Tafashiya (Hausa)fevertoothache
- Hooded vultureNecrosyrtes monachusAccipitridaeIgun (Yoruba)Ungulu (Hausa)scavengercritically endangered
- Boundary treeNewbouldia laevisBignoniaceaeAkoko (Yoruba)Aduruku (Hausa)Ogirisi (Igbo)boundary markerconvulsionconvulsion remedy
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumSolanaceaeTaba (Yoruba)Taba (Hausa)snuff (taba)pesticide
- Helmeted guineafowlNumida meleagrisNumididaeAwo (Yoruba)Zabo (Hausa)Ogazi (Igbo)poultrymeateggs
- Nipa palmNypa fruticansArecaceaeNipa (Ijaw)coastal palmthatchinvasive in delta
- Sweet basilOcimum basilicumLamiaceaeEfirin nla (Yoruba)Daidoya ta gida (Hausa)culinary herbdigestiveinsect repellent
- Scent leafOcimum gratissimumLamiaceaeEfirin (Yoruba)Daidoya (Hausa)Nchanwu (Igbo)stomach achepepper soup
- Nile tilapiaOreochromis niloticusCichlidaeEpiya (Yoruba)Karfasa (Hausa)Azu tilapia (Igbo)aquacultureproteinfish farming
- AardvarkOrycteropus aferOrycteropodidaeDabgi (Hausa)termite feeder
- African riceOryza glaberrimaPoaceaeIresi (Yoruba)Shinkafa (Hausa)staple grainlocal riceheritage crop
- Asian riceOryza sativaPoaceaeIresi (Yoruba)Shinkafa (Hausa)Osikapa (Igbo)jollof ricestaple
- Dwarf crocodileOsteolaemus tetraspisCrocodylidaeKada nkpri (Efik)swamp forest
- Yankasa sheepOvis ariesBovidaeAgutan (Yoruba)Rago (Hausa)Aturu (Igbo)meatSallah ram
- Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzeePan troglodytes elliotiHominidaeInaki (Yoruba)Nkita ohia (Igbo)endangered great apeendangered primate
- West African lionPanthera leoFelidaeKiniun (Yoruba)Zaki (Hausa)Odum (Igbo)Kainji Lake NPcritically endangered
- West African lionPanthera leo leoFelidaeKiniun (Yoruba)Zaki (Hausa)Odum (Igbo)Kainji Lake NPcritically endangered
- LeopardPanthera pardusFelidaeEkun (Yoruba)Damisa (Hausa)Agu (Igbo)forest & savanna predatorforest predator
- Olive baboonPapio anubisCercopithecidaeObo (Yoruba)Gogo (Hausa)woodland primate
- African snakeheadParachanna obscuraChannidaeEja abori (Yoruba)swamp fishery
- Mobola plumParinari curatellifoliaChrysobalanaceaeGawasa (Hausa)fruitoil
- Gingerbread plumParinari macrophyllaChrysobalanaceaeIdofun (Yoruba)Gawasa (Hausa)fruit
- African locust beanParkia biglobosaFabaceaeIru (Yoruba)Dawadawa (Hausa)Ogiri (Igbo)iru / dawadawa condiment
- Passion fruitPassiflora edulisPassifloraceaeIpeeru (Yoruba)juicecalming
- West African mud turtlePelusios castaneusPelomedusidaeAhun omi (Yoruba)freshwater turtle
- Southern pink shrimpPenaeus notialisPenaeidaeEde oyinbo (Yoruba)export fishery
- Pearl milletPennisetum glaucumPoaceaeOkababa (Yoruba)Gero (Hausa)kunuporridgefura
- African oil beanPentaclethra macrophyllaFabaceaeApara (Yoruba)Ugba (Igbo)ugba / ukpaka salad
- Atlantic mudskipperPeriophthalmus barbarusOxudercidaeNkanika (Efik)Ogboin (Ijaw)mangrove indicator
- PottoPerodicticus pottoLorisidaeOlogbo igbo (Yoruba)nocturnal primate
- AvocadoPersea americanaLauraceaePia (Yoruba)Piya (Hausa)Ube bekee (Igbo)fruithealthy fats
- WarthogPhacochoerus africanusSuidaeImado (Yoruba)Gadu (Hausa)savanna omnivore
- Maxwell's duikerPhilantomba maxwelliiBovidaeEtu kekere (Yoruba)small forest antelope
- Date palmPhoenix dactyliferaArecaceaeDabinu (Yoruba)Dabino (Hausa)fruitenergydates
- Stone breakerPhyllanthus amarusPhyllanthaceaeEyin olobe (Yoruba)Geeron tsuntsaayee (Hausa)Ngwu (Igbo)liverkidney stonesjaundice
- AkuammaPicralima nitidaApocynaceaeErin (Yoruba)Osu igwe (Igbo)pain reliefmalaria
- Camel's footPiliostigma thonningiiFabaceaeAbafe (Yoruba)Kalgo (Hausa)fodderwoundswound care
- West African black pepperPiper guineensePiperaceaeIyere (Yoruba)Uziza (Igbo)uziza souppostpartum care
- Hausa potatoPlectranthus esculentusLamiaceaeRizga (Yoruba)Tumuku (Hausa)tuber food
- Village weaverPloceus cucullatusPloceidaeEye ope (Yoruba)Tsuntsun rake (Hausa)nest coloniesfarm pestfarm bird
- Senegal parrotPoicephalus senegalusPsittacidaeAku (Hausa)savanna parrotpet trade
- Senegal bichirPolypterus senegalusPolypteridaeKarma (Hausa)aquariumswamp fish
- Red river hogPotamochoerus porcusSuidaeElede igbo (Yoruba)Ezi ohia (Igbo)forest pigforest omnivore
- Olive colobusProcolobus verusCercopithecidaeforest leaf-eater
- African mesquiteProsopis africanaFabaceaeAyan (Yoruba)Kirya (Hausa)Okpeye (Igbo)okpeye condimentcharcoal
- West African lungfishProtopterus annectensProtopteridaeGaiwa (Hausa)survives dry seasondry-season survivor
- Bobo croakerPseudotolithus elongatusSciaenidaeEja osan (Yoruba)coastal fishery
- GuavaPsidium guajavaMyrtaceaeGuafa (Yoruba)Gwaiba (Hausa)fruitdiarrhoeadiarrhoea leaf tea
- African grey parrotPsittacus erithacusPsittacidaeAyekooto (Yoruba)Aku (Hausa)Icheoku (Igbo)talking birdCITES protectedtrade pressure
- Double-spurred francolinPternistis bicalcaratusPhasianidaeAparo (Yoruba)Fakara (Hausa)Okwa (Igbo)farmland gamebird
- African rosewoodPterocarpus erinaceusFabaceaeOsun dudu (Yoruba)Madobiya (Hausa)timberfodder
- Oha leafPterocarpus mildbraediiFabaceaeOha (Igbo)oha soup
- CamwoodPterocarpus osunFabaceaeOsun (Yoruba)osun body dyeritual
- Common bulbulPycnonotus barbatusPycnonotidaeEye oko (Yoruba)garden bird
- Ball pythonPython regiusPythonidaeOka ere (Yoruba)Eke ojii (Igbo)revered snakepet tradetotem snake
- African rock pythonPython sebaePythonidaeEre (Yoruba)Mesa (Hausa)Eke (Igbo)sacred in Idemiliconstrictorsacred snake in Idemili
- Red-billed queleaQuelea queleaPloceidaeKarkata (Hausa)grain pest
- Raffia palmRaphia hookeriArecaceaeOgoro (Yoruba)Ngwo (Igbo)palm winefibreraffia fibre
- Swizzle stick treeRauvolfia vomitoriaApocynaceaeAsofeyeje (Yoruba)Akanta (Igbo)hypertensionsedative
- Bohor reedbuckRedunca reduncaBovidaeKwanta rafi (Hausa)wetland antelopefloodplain antelope
- Red mangroveRhizophora racemosaRhizophoraceaeIkpa (Efik)Angala (Ijaw)coastal protectionfuelwoodfish nursery
- African palm weevilRhynchophorus phoenicisCurculionidaeItun ope (Yoruba)Akpa nkwu (Igbo)edible larvaeprotein
- NjangsaRicinodendron heudelotiiEuphorbiaceaeErinmado (Yoruba)Okhuen (Igbo)soup spice
- Castor beanRicinus communisEuphorbiaceaeLara (Yoruba)Zurma (Hausa)Ogiri ugba (Igbo)ogiri seasoningoilogiri condiment
- SugarcaneSaccharum officinarumPoaceaeIreke (Yoruba)Rake (Hausa)Okpete (Igbo)chewing canesugar
- African peachSarcocephalus latifoliusRubiaceaeEgbesi (Yoruba)Tafashiya (Hausa)Uburu ocha (Igbo)malaria rootfruit
- Round sardinellaSardinella auritaClupeidaeEja shawa (Yoruba)marine fishery
- Madeiran sardinellaSardinella maderensisClupeidaeEja shawa (Yoruba)coastal fishery
- Blackchin tilapiaSarotherodon melanotheronCichlidaeEpiya odo (Yoruba)lagoon fishery
- MarulaSclerocarya birreaAnacardiaceaeDanya (Hausa)fruitoil
- African common toadSclerophrys regularisBufonidaeOpolo (Yoruba)Awo (Igbo)insect control
- West African Spanish mackerelScomberomorus tritorScombridaeEja titus (Yoruba)marine fishery
- HamerkopScopus umbrettaScopidaeEye odo (Yoruba)wetland birdfolklore
- Violet treeSecuridaca longipedunculataPolygalaceaeIpeta (Yoruba)Sanya (Hausa)pain relief rootritual
- Gum acaciaSenegalia senegalFabaceaeDakwara (Hausa)gum arabiccash cropgum arabic export
- Ringworm plantSenna alataFabaceaeAsunwon oyinbo (Yoruba)Ogaru (Igbo)ringwormlaxativeskin fungus
- Coffee sennaSenna occidentalisFabaceaeRere (Yoruba)Rai dore (Hausa)feverliver
- Kassod treeSenna siameaFabaceaeKasia (Yoruba)firewoodshade
- BeniseedSesamum indicumPedaliaceaeYamti (Yoruba)Ridi (Hausa)oilseedssoup thickener
- Black benniseed leafSesamum radiatumPedaliaceaeEkuku (Yoruba)Karkashi (Hausa)draw soup
- WireweedSida acutaMalvaceaeIsekose (Yoruba)Ojijiji (Igbo)malariawound
- Giant pangolinSmutsia giganteaManidaeAkika nla (Yoruba)endangered
- Garden eggSolanum aethiopicumSolanaceaeIgba (Yoruba)Gauta (Hausa)Anara (Igbo)fruithospitalityfruit vegetable
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumSolanaceaeTomati (Yoruba)Tumatir (Hausa)stewlycopene
- African eggplant leafSolanum macrocarponSolanaceaeIgbagba (Yoruba)Anara (Igbo)vegetablesoup
- Black nightshadeSolanum nigrumSolanaceaeOdu (Yoruba)Ogunmo (Igbo)vegetableeye health
- Rizga / Sudan potatoSolenostemon rotundifoliusLamiaceaeRizga (Hausa)tuber food
- Guinea cornSorghum bicolorPoaceaeOka baba (Yoruba)Dawa (Hausa)Okili (Igbo)tuwokunumalt
- African yam beanSphenostylis stenocarpaFabaceaeSese (Yoruba)Azama (Igbo)protein foodproteintubers
- Laughing doveSpilopelia senegalensisColumbidaeAdaba (Yoruba)Kurciya (Hausa)urban dove
- Hog plumSpondias mombinAnacardiaceaeIyeye (Yoruba)Tsadar masar (Hausa)Ijikara (Igbo)fruitwomen's healthleaf for labour
- Red-eyed doveStreptopelia semitorquataColumbidaeAdaba pupa (Yoruba)Kurciya (Hausa)woodland dovecommon dove
- OstrichStruthio camelusStruthionidaeOgongo (Yoruba)Jimina (Hausa)Sahel birdfarmingfarmed bird
- Bush duikerSylvicapra grimmiaBovidaeEtu (Yoruba)Barewa (Hausa)bushmeatsavanna
- African buffaloSyncerus cafferBovidaeEfon (Yoruba)Bauna (Hausa)savanna grazer
- Forest buffaloSyncerus caffer nanusBovidaeEfon (Yoruba)Bauna (Hausa)forest grazer
- Mandi catfishSynodontis clariasMochokidaeAzu ndam (Igbo)river fishery
- Miracle fruitSynsepalum dulcificumSapotaceaeAgbayun (Yoruba)sweetener berry
- WaterberrySyzygium guineenseMyrtaceaeMalmo (Hausa)fruitriverbank tree
- WaterleafTalinum fruticosumTalinaceaeGbure (Yoruba)Mgbolodi (Igbo)Mmong ikong (Efik)souplaxative
- TamarindTamarindus indicaFabaceaeAjagbon (Yoruba)Tsamiya (Hausa)kunun tsamiyalaxativekunun tsamiya drink
- TeakTectona grandisLamiaceaeTeki (Yoruba)timberplantationpoles
- Fluted pumpkinTelfairia occidentalisCucurbitaceaeApiroko (Yoruba)Ugu (Igbo)Ikong ubong (Efik)ugu soupblood building
- Indian almondTerminalia catappaCombretaceaeFurutu (Yoruba)fruitshade
- White afaraTerminalia superbaCombretaceaeAfara (Yoruba)Edo (Igbo)timber
- African walnutTetracarpidium conophorumEuphorbiaceaeAsala / Awusa (Yoruba)Ukpa (Igbo)snack nutfertility
- Aidan fruit / prekeseTetrapleura tetrapteraFabaceaeAridan (Yoruba)Oshosho (Igbo)soup spicepostpartum
- CocoaTheobroma cacaoMalvaceaeKoko (Yoruba)Kokoa (Igbo)cash cropchocolate
- Greater cane rat (grasscutter)Thryonomys swinderianusThryonomyidaeOya (Yoruba)Gafiya (Hausa)Nchi (Igbo)bushmeatfarming
- Redbelly tilapiaTilapia zilliiCichlidaeEpiya pupa (Yoruba)inland fishery
- Lappet-faced vultureTorgos tracheliotosAccipitridaeGaggafa (Hausa)scavenger
- Shortfin pompanoTrachinotus teraiaCarangidaeBonga (Ijaw)coastal fishery
- BushbuckTragelaphus scriptusBovidaeIgala (Yoruba)Mazo (Hausa)forest antelopebushmeat
- African breadfruitTreculia africanaMoraceaeAfon (Yoruba)Ukwa (Igbo)ukwa porridge
- West African manateeTrichechus senegalensisTrichechidaeAyu (Hausa)Ndu mmiri (Ijaw)river & lagoon mammalendangered river mammal
- African softshell turtleTrionyx triunguisTrionychidaeIkoli (Ijaw)river turtle
- ObecheTriplochiton scleroxylonMalvaceaeArere (Yoruba)Egu (Igbo)timberplywoodlight timber
- WheatTriticum aestivumPoaceaeAlkama (Hausa)flourbread
- Guinea turacoTuraco persaMusophagidaeEye igi (Yoruba)forest fruit eater
- Brown babblerTurdoides plebejusLeiothrichidaethicket bird
- PeriwinkleTympanotonos fuscatusPotamididaeMfi (Efik)Isam (Ijaw)seafoodbanga soup
- Barn owlTyto albaTytonidaeOwiwi funfun (Yoruba)Ikwikwii (Igbo)rodent control
- Sugar plumUapaca togoensisPhyllanthaceaeKanya rafi (Hausa)fruitwoodland
- West African fiddler crabUca tangeriOcypodidaeAkan bou (Ijaw)mangrove ecology
- Bush bananaUvaria chamaeAnnonaceaeEruju (Yoruba)Mmimi ohia (Igbo)wound carehaemostatic
- Gum arabic treeVachellia niloticaFabaceaeBagaruwa (Hausa)tanningum
- Nile monitorVaranus niloticusVaranidaeAwonriwon (Yoruba)Damo (Hausa)Ngwere ukwu (Igbo)riverbank reptileskin tradewetlands
- Bitter leafVernonia amygdalinaAsteraceaeEwuro (Yoruba)Shuwaka (Hausa)Onugbu (Igbo)malariaonugbu soup
- Pin-tailed whydahVidua macrouraViduidaeEye iru gigun (Yoruba)brood parasite
- Bambara groundnutVigna subterraneaFabaceaeEpa roro (Yoruba)Gurjiya (Hausa)Okpa (Igbo)okpaprotein
- CowpeaVigna unguiculataFabaceaeEwa (Yoruba)Wake (Hausa)Agwa (Igbo)moimoiakaraprotein
- Shea treeVitellaria paradoxaSapotaceaeEmi (Yoruba)Kadanya (Hausa)shea butterskin care
- Black plumVitex donianaLamiaceaeOri nla (Yoruba)Dinya (Hausa)Ucha koro (Igbo)fruitanaemialeafy vegetable
- Tannia cocoyamXanthosoma sagittifoliumAraceaeKoko funfun (Yoruba)Ede ocha (Igbo)staplethickenerstaple food
- Müller's clawed frogXenopus muelleriPipidaeOpolo omi (Yoruba)aquatic frog
- Striped ground squirrelXerus erythropusSciuridaeOkere (Yoruba)Kurege (Hausa)farmland rodent
- Ethiopian pepperXylopia aethiopicaAnnonaceaeEeru (Yoruba)Kimba (Hausa)Uda (Igbo)pepper souppostpartum tonic
- MaizeZea maysPoaceaeAgbado (Yoruba)Masara (Hausa)Oka (Igbo)pap (ogi)stapleroasted corn
- GingerZingiber officinaleZingiberaceaeAtale (Yoruba)Citta (Hausa)Jinja (Igbo)spicecold & flu
- JujubeZiziphus mauritianaRhamnaceaeMagarya (Hausa)fruitsnacksnack cakes
- Variegated grasshopperZonocerus variegatusPyrgomorphidaeTata (Yoruba)Ukpana (Igbo)cassava pest
- Enset / false bananaEnsete ventricosumMusaceaestaple food
- TeffEragrostis tefPoaceaeinjeragrain
- GiraffeGiraffa camelopardalisGiraffidaesavanna browser
- Plains zebraEquus quaggaEquidaesavanna grazer
- White rhinocerosCeratotherium simumRhinocerotidaegrazerconservation icon
- Black rhinocerosDiceros bicornisRhinocerotidaebrowsercritically endangered
- CheetahAcinonyx jubatusFelidaefastest land animal
- Blue wildebeestConnochaetes taurinusBovidaegreat migration
- ImpalaAepyceros melampusBovidaesavanna antelope
- Greater kuduTragelaphus strepsicerosBovidaewoodland antelope
- WaterbuckKobus ellipsiprymnusBovidaewetland antelope
- Grey crowned craneBalearica regulorumGruidaewetland bird
- Southern ground hornbillBucorvus leadbeateriBucorvidaesavanna bird
- Western gorillaGorilla gorillaHominidaeforest primate
- ChimpanzeePan troglodytesHominidaeforest primate
- Mantled guerezaColobus guerezaCercopithecidaeleaf-eating monkey
- Gum acaciaAcacia senegalFabaceaegum arabic
- Lebbeck treeAlbizia lebbeckFabaceaeshadefodder
- African wormwoodArtemisia afraAsteraceaecoldsfever
- BlackjackBidens pilosaAsteraceaeleaf vegetablemalaria
- Frankincense treeBoswellia sacraBurseraceaeresinincense
- BrideliaBridelia ferrugineaPhyllanthaceaediabetesmouthwash
- Bush plumCarissa spinarumApocynaceaefruithedge
- KhatCatha edulisCelastraceaestimulant leaf
- Veldt grapeCissus quadrangularisVitaceaebone healing
- Spider plant (African cabbage)Cleome gynandraCleomaceaeleaf vegetable
- CochlospermumCochlospermum tinctoriumBixaceaeyellow dyejaundice
- MyrrhCommiphora myrrhaBurseraceaeresinantiseptic
- Sunn hempCrotalaria junceaFabaceaefibregreen manure
- MelonCucumis meloCucurbitaceaefruit
- PapyrusCyperus papyrusCyperaceaepaperwetland
- Bermuda grassCynodon dactylonPoaceaelawnfodder
- Tallow treeDetarium senegalenseFabaceaefruitsoup thickener
- Tree dracaenaDracaena arboreaAsparagaceaeboundary marker
- Coral treeErythrina senegalensisFabaceaemalariafence
- Sycamore figFicus sycomorusMoraceaefruitshade
- GrewiaGrewia mollisMalvaceaesoup thickenerfibre
- Indian heliotropeHeliotropium indicumBoraginaceaewoundstoxic
- Orange bird berryHoslundia oppositaLamiaceaefeverfruit
- White rubber vineLandolphia owariensisApocynaceaefruitrubber
- LanneaLannea acidaAnacardiaceaefruitdye
- YadiyaLeptadenia hastataApocynaceaeleaf vegetable
- MaeruaMaerua crassifoliaCapparaceaefodderfamine food
- MaranthesMaranthes polyandraChrysobalanaceaetimberfruit
- White's gingerMondia whiteiApocynaceaeaphrodisiacappetite
- Brimstone treeMorinda lucidaRubiaceaemalariayellow dye
- Egyptian white lotusNymphaea lotusNymphaeaceaeritualfood
- Hoary basilOcimum americanumLamiaceaemosquito repellenttea
- Savanna bambooOxytenanthera abyssinicaPoaceaeconstructionwine
- Proso milletPanicum miliaceumPoaceaegrain
- Bread and cheesePaullinia pinnataSapindaceaewoundsfish poison
- Elephant grassPennisetum purpureumPoaceaefodder
- Senegal date palmPhoenix reclinataArecaceaefruitwine
- PhyllanthusPhyllanthus muellerianusPhyllanthaceaewoundsmalaria
- Dry-zone cedarPseudocedrela kotschyiMeliaceaechewing sticktimber
- RothmanniaRothmannia longifloraRubiaceaedyefruit
- Violet treeSecuridaca longepedunculataPolygalaceaesnakebitemedicine
- Foxtail milletSetaria italicaPoaceaegrain
- Karaya gum treeSterculia setigeraMalvaceaegumfodder
- Monkey orangeStrychnos spinosaLoganiaceaefruit
- TabernaemontanaTabernaemontana pachysiphonApocynaceaemedicine
- Mexican sunflowerTithonia diversifoliaAsteraceaegreen manuremalaria
- Wild loquatUapaca kirkianaPhyllanthaceaefruit
- IronweedVernonia colorataAsteraceaemalariabitter vegetable
- VoacangaVoacanga africanaApocynaceaealkaloidsmedicine
- Sour plumXimenia americanaXimeniaceaefruitoil
- Candlewood (orin ata)Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloidesRutaceaechewing sticksickle cell
- Christ's thorn jujubeZiziphus spina-christiRhamnaceaefruitshade
- AddaxAddax nasomaculatusBovidaedesert antelopecritically endangered
- Lord Derby's scaly-tailed squirrelAnomalurus derbianusAnomaluridaegliding mammal
- Marsh mongooseAtilax paludinosusHerpestidaewetland carnivore
- Gaboon viperBitis gabonicaViperidaelongest fangs
- DromedaryCamelus dromedariusCamelidaedesert transportmilk
- Black-backed jackalCanis mesomelasCanidaescavenger
- CaracalCaracal caracalFelidaedesert cat
- Southern cassowaryCasuarius casuariusCasuariidaedangerous flightless bird
- Vervet monkeyChlorocebus pygerythrusCercopithecidaesavanna primate
- TopiDamaliscus lunatusBovidaesavanna antelope
- Black mambaDendroaspis polylepisElapidaevenomous snake
- Tree hyraxDendrohyrax arboreusProcaviidaenocturnal
- DugongDugong dugonDugongidaesea cow
- Rufous elephant shrewElephantulus rufescensMacroscelididaesengi
- Franquet's fruit batEpomops franquetiPteropodidaeseed disperser
- Grevy's zebraEquus grevyiEquidaeendangered
- African wildcatFelis lybicaFelidaeancestor of house cat
- Eastern gorillaGorilla beringeiHominidaemountain gorilla
- White-backed vultureGyps africanusAccipitridaecritically endangered scavenger
- Yellow-spotted rock hyraxHeterohyrax bruceiProcaviidaerock dweller
- Sable antelopeHippotragus nigerBovidaesavanna antelope
- Striped hyenaHyaena hyaenaHyaenidaescavenger
- Superb starlingLamprotornis superbusSturnidaecolourful bird
- ServalLeptailurus servalFelidaetall-eared cat
- Marabou storkLeptoptilos crumeniferCiconiidaescavenger
- Barbary macaqueMacaca sylvanusCercopithecidaeonly African macaque
- MandrillMandrillus sphinxCercopithecidaecolourful primate
- Banded mongooseMungos mungoHerpestidaesocial carnivore
- NumbatMyrmecobius fasciatusMyrmecobiidaetermite specialist
- OkapiOkapia johnstoniGiraffidaeforest giraffe
- KlipspringerOreotragus oreotragusBovidaerock antelope
- Scimitar-horned oryxOryx dammahBovidaereintroduced species
- GemsbokOryx gazellaBovidaedesert antelope
- Bat-eared foxOtocyon megalotisCanidaeinsect eater
- BonoboPan paniscusHominidaegreat ape
- Great white pelicanPelecanus onocrotalusPelecanidaewetland bird
- Lesser flamingoPhoeniconaias minorPhoenicopteridaesoda lake bird
- Martial eaglePolemaetus bellicosusAccipitridaelargest African eagle
- Rock hyraxProcavia capensisProcaviidaeelephant relative
- Striped sand snakePsammophis sibilansLamprophiidaefast snake
- SteenbokRaphicerus campestrisBovidaesmall antelope
- Lander's horseshoe batRhinolophus landeriRhinolophidaeecholocation
- SecretarybirdSagittarius serpentariusSagittariidaesnake hunter
- Blue-barred parrotfishScarus ghobbanScaridaereef fishsand maker
- African penguinSpheniscus demersusSpheniscidaeendangered penguin
- East African mole-ratTachyoryctes splendensSpalacidaeburrowing rodent
- Guinea turacoTauraco persaMusophagidaegreen forest bird
- Common elandTaurotragus oryxBovidaelargest antelope
- Red-and-yellow barbetTrachyphonus erythrocephalusLybiidaecolourful bird
- West Indian manateeTrichechus manatusTrichechidaecoastal herbivore
- Savannah monitorVaranus exanthematicusVaranidaepet lizard
- Fennec foxVulpes zerdaCanidaesmallest fox
- Spur-winged lapwingVanellus spinosusCharadriidaewetland bird
- House sparrowPasser domesticusPasseridaeurban bird
- Western honey beeApis melliferaApidaehoneypollination
- LemonCitrus limonRutaceaefruitvitamin C
- PumpkinCucurbita pepoCucurbitaceaefoodseeds
- Madagascar periwinkleCatharanthus roseusApocynaceaealkaloidsornamental
- Brown ratRattus norvegicusMuridaecommensal mammal
- Peregrine falconFalco peregrinusFalconidaeraptor
- Monarch butterflyDanaus plexippusNymphalidaemigratory insect
- Silver firAbies albaPinaceaetimberessential oil
- Century plantAgave americanaAsparagaceaefibresyrup
- Spring onionAllium fistulosumAmaryllidaceaefood
- ChivesAllium schoenoprasumAmaryllidaceaeculinary herb
- Red amaranthAmaranthus cruentusAmaranthaceaegrainleaf vegetable
- Cedar of LebanonCedrus libaniPinaceaetimbernational tree
- JimsonweedDatura stramoniumSolanaceaetoxicasthma (historic)
- FigFicus caricaMoraceaefruit
- AubergineSolanum melongenaSolanaceaevegetable
- Eurasian sparrowhawkAccipiter nisusAccipitridaeraptor
- Common mynaAcridotheres tristisSturnidaeurban bird
- MallardAnas platyrhynchosAnatidaedabbling duck
- Common swiftApus apusApodidaeaerial insectivore
- Grey heronArdea cinereaArdeidaewetland bird
- Common buzzardButeo buteoAccipitridaeraptor
- Grey wolfCanis lupusCanidaeapex predator
- Domestic dogCanis familiarisCanidaecompanionworking animal
- Great white sharkCarcharodon carchariasLamnidaeapex marine predator
- GoldfishCarassius auratusCyprinidaeornamental fish
- Seven-spot ladybirdCoccinella septempunctataCoccinellidaeaphid control
- Mute swanCygnus olorAnatidaeornamental waterfowl
- Common carpCyprinus carpioCyprinidaefood fish
- HorseEquus caballusEquidaetransportsport
- DonkeyEquus asinusEquidaepack animal
- Common kestrelFalco tinnunculusFalconidaehovering raptor
- Domestic catFelis catusFelidaecompanion animal
- ChaffinchFringilla coelebsFringillidaesongbird
- Herring gullLarus argentatusLaridaecoastal bird
- House mouseMus musculusMuridaecommensal rodent
- OrcaOrcinus orcaDelphinidaeapex marine predator
- Great titParus majorParidaegarden bird
- Black redstartPhoenicurus ochrurosMuscicapidaeurban bird
- Sperm whalePhyseter macrocephalusPhyseteridaedeep diver
- Common pipistrellePipistrellus pipistrellusVespertilionidaeinsect-eating bat
- Black ratRattus rattusMuridaecommensal rodent
- Whale sharkRhincodon typusRhincodontidaelargest fish
- Atlantic mackerelScomber scombrusScombridaefood fish
- Common starlingSturnus vulgarisSturnidaemurmuration bird
- Wild boarSus scrofaSuidaeforest omnivore
- Domestic pigSus scrofa domesticusSuidaemeat
- Atlantic bluefin tunaThunnus thynnusScombridaeprized food fish
- Common blackbirdTurdus merulaTurdidaegarden songbird
- Bottlenose dolphinTursiops truncatusDelphinidaeintelligent cetacean
- Northern lapwingVanellus vanellusCharadriidaefarmland wader
- Mourning doveZenaida macrouraColumbidaecommon bird
- Viviparous lizardZootoca viviparaLacertidaelive-bearing lizard
- OkraAbelmoschus esculentusMalvaceaeIla (Yoruba)Kubewa (Hausa)Okwuru (Igbo)okro soupfibredraw soup
- Gum arabic / bagaruwaAcacia niloticaFabaceaeBooni (Yoruba)Bagaruwa (Hausa)tannindysentery
- CopperleafAcalypha wilkesianaEuphorbiaceaeJiwere (Yoruba)fungal skin infectionskin fungushedge
- Giant African land snailAchatina achatinaAchatinidaeIgbin (Yoruba)Katantanwa (Hausa)Ejula (Igbo)proteiniron
- BaobabAdansonia digitataMalvaceaeOse (Yoruba)Kuka (Hausa)kuka soupvitamin Ckuka leaves
- Alligator pepperAframomum meleguetaZingiberaceaeAtare (Yoruba)Citta mai yatsa (Hausa)Ose oji (Igbo)ritualdigestive
- CounterwoodAfzelia africanaFabaceaeKawo (Hausa)Akparata (Igbo)akparata souptimber
- Rainbow agamaAgama agamaAgamidaeAlangba (Yoruba)Kadangare (Hausa)Ngwere (Igbo)urban lizard
- Goat weedAgeratum conyzoidesAsteraceaeImi esu (Yoruba)Akwukwo nwaanyi (Igbo)wound healingwound dressingfever
- Western hartebeestAlcelaphus buselaphusBovidaeKanki (Hausa)grassland antelope
- Christmas bushAlchornea cordifoliaEuphorbiaceaeIpa (Yoruba)Ubebe (Igbo)wound careulcer
- OnionAllium cepaAmaryllidaceaeAlubosa (Yoruba)Albasa (Hausa)Yabasi (Igbo)cookingantisepticseasoning
- GarlicAllium sativumAmaryllidaceaeAyu (Yoruba)Tafarnuwa (Hausa)spiceblood pressureseasoning
- Aloe veraAloe veraAsphodelaceaeEti erin (Yoruba)Zabo (Hausa)burnsskin care
- Stool woodAlstonia booneiApocynaceaeAhun (Yoruba)Egbu (Igbo)Ukpo (Efik)malariacarvingpain relief
- Green amaranthAmaranthus hybridusAmaranthaceaeEfo tete (Yoruba)Alayyaho (Hausa)Inine (Igbo)vegetableiron
- CashewAnacardium occidentaleAnacardiaceaeKaju (Yoruba)Kanju (Hausa)nutfruit juicejuice
- PineappleAnanas comosusBromeliaceaeOpe oyinbo (Yoruba)Abarba (Hausa)Akwuru bekee (Igbo)fruitdigestion
- Anaphe silkwormAnaphe venataNotodontidaeEruru (Yoruba)edible larvaesilk
- Domestic duckAnas platyrhynchos domesticusAnatidaePepeye (Yoruba)Agwagwa (Hausa)Ogazi mmiri (Igbo)meateggs
- Gamba grassAndropogon gayanusPoaceaeGamba (Hausa)fodderthatch
- African darterAnhinga rufaAnhingidaewetland bird
- SoursopAnnona muricataAnnonaceaeEwe pawpaw oyinbo (Yoruba)Tuwon biri (Hausa)Sawasop (Igbo)fruitleaf tea
- Wild custard appleAnnona senegalensisAnnonaceaeAbo (Yoruba)Gwandar daji (Hausa)fruittraditional medicine
- African birchAnogeissus leiocarpaCombretaceaeAyin (Yoruba)Marke (Hausa)timberdyeyellow dye
- Malaria mosquitoAnopheles gambiaeCulicidaeEfon (Yoruba)Sauro (Hausa)Anwuta (Igbo)malaria vector
- Cabbage treeAnthocleista djalonensisGentianaceaeSapo (Yoruba)Okpokolo (Igbo)laxativediabetes
- West African honey beeApis mellifera adansoniiApidaeOyin (Yoruba)Zuma (Hausa)Anu (Igbo)honeypollination
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeaFabaceaeEpa (Yoruba)Gyada (Hausa)Ahuekere (Igbo)oilkulikulikuli-kuli
- Giant West African snailArchachatina marginataAchatinidaeIgbin nla (Yoruba)Ejula (Igbo)delicacysnail farming
- Goliath heronArdea goliathArdeidaeOgono (Ijaw)wetland predator
- Brush-tailed porcupineAtherurus africanusHystricidaeOre (Yoruba)Ebi (Igbo)forest rodentbushmeat
- Black mangroveAvicennia germinansAcanthaceaeOpuru (Ijaw)mangrove habitatcoastal protection
- NeemAzadirachta indicaMeliaceaeDongoyaro (Yoruba)Dogonyaro (Hausa)Ogwu iba (Igbo)antimalarialskinskin care
- Desert dateBalanites aegyptiacaZygophyllaceaeAduwa (Hausa)fruitoildeworming
- Black crowned craneBalearica pavoninaGruidaeGauraka (Hausa)wetland birdvulnerable
- BambooBambusa vulgarisPoaceaeOparun (Yoruba)Gora (Hausa)Achara (Igbo)scaffoldingfurniture
- Malabar spinachBasella albaBasellaceaeAmunututu (Yoruba)cooling vegetable
- Puff adderBitis arietansViperidaeParamole (Yoruba)Kasa (Hausa)venomoussavannamajor snakebite cause
- Ackee appleBlighia sapidaSapindaceaeIsin (Yoruba)Okpu (Igbo)fruitsoap
- Red-flowered kapokBombax costatumMalvaceaeGurjiya (Hausa)soup flowerkapok
- African fan palmBorassus aethiopumArecaceaeAgbon olodo (Yoruba)Giginya (Hausa)fruittimberpoles
- White Fulani (Bunaji) cattleBos taurusBovidaeMalu (Yoruba)Shanu (Hausa)Ehi (Igbo)milkbeefpastoralism
- Frankincense treeBoswellia dalzieliiBurseraceaeHano (Hausa)incenseresinstomach medicine
- Achi treeBrachystegia eurycomaFabaceaeAchi (Igbo)soup thickenerachi soup thickener
- Never die / life plantBryophyllum pinnatumCrassulaceaeAbamoda (Yoruba)Odaa opue (Igbo)woundskidney
- Verreaux's eagle-owlBubo lacteusStrigidaeOwiwi (Yoruba)Mujiya (Hausa)nocturnal raptor
- Cattle egretBubulcus ibisArdeidaeLekeleke (Yoruba)Balbela (Hausa)Ugbene (Igbo)farmland birdlivestocktick control
- Wonderful kolaBuchholzia coriaceaCapparaceaeUworo (Yoruba)Uworo (Igbo)antimicrobialfertility
- Abyssinian ground hornbillBucorvus abyssinicusBucorvidaeAkalamagbo (Yoruba)Burtu (Hausa)savanna birdfolklore
- Pigeon peaCajanus cajanFabaceaeOtili (Yoruba)Waken masar (Hausa)Fiofio (Igbo)fiofio stewfiofio soupprotein
- West African blue crabCallinectes amnicolaPortunidaeAkan (Yoruba)Nshiko (Igbo)seafood
- Sodom appleCalotropis proceraApocynaceaeBomubomu (Yoruba)Tumfafiya (Hausa)latex remedyfibrecheese rennet
- African golden wolfCanis anthusCanidaeDila (Hausa)Sahel predator
- West African dwarf goatCapra hircusBovidaeEwure (Yoruba)Akuya (Hausa)Ewu (Igbo)meatceremony
- Tatashe pepperCapsicum annuumSolanaceaeTatase (Yoruba)Tattasai (Hausa)stew base
- Bird's eye chilliCapsicum frutescensSolanaceaeAta wewe (Yoruba)Barkono (Hausa)Ose (Igbo)peppercirculationpepper soup
- CrabwoodCarapa proceraMeliaceaeAgbagba (Yoruba)Ogwu ose (Igbo)skin oilsoap
- PawpawCarica papayaCaricaceaeIbepe (Yoruba)Gwanda (Hausa)Okworo bekee (Igbo)fruitdigestivemalaria leaf tea
- African laburnumCassia sieberianaFabaceaeAridan tooro (Yoruba)Marga (Hausa)laxative roottonic
- Silk cotton treeCeiba pentandraMalvaceaeAraba (Yoruba)Rimi (Hausa)Akpu (Igbo)kapoksacred tree
- Lagos spinachCelosia argenteaAmaranthaceaeSoko yokoto (Yoruba)Farin alayyaho (Hausa)soup vegetable
- African spurred tortoiseCentrochelys sulcataTestudinidaeKunkuru (Hausa)Sahel tortoise
- Senegal coucalCentropus senegalensisCuculidaeEye ojo (Yoruba)rain-call bird
- Black duikerCephalophus nigerBovidaeEkulu (Yoruba)Ele (Igbo)forest duiker
- Black-casqued hornbillCeratogymna atrataBucerotidaeAkalamagbo (Yoruba)forest seed disperser
- False sesame leafCeratotheca sesamoidesPedaliaceaeKarkashi (Hausa)soupvegetable
- White-throated guenonCercopithecus erythrogasterCercopithecidaeEdun ifon (Yoruba)Nigeria endemicendangered
- Mona monkeyCercopithecus monaCercopithecidaeEdun oke (Yoruba)Enwe (Igbo)forest primate
- Sclater's guenonCercopithecus sclateriCercopithecidaeEnwe nso (Igbo)Nigeria endemicsacred in Lagwa
- Pied kingfisherCeryle rudisAlcedinidaeKifi mai kama (Hausa)river bird
- Slender chameleonChamaeleo gracilisChamaeleonidaeOga (Yoruba)Hawainiya (Hausa)folkloreinsectivoreinsect hunter
- Green sea turtleChelonia mydasCheloniidaeIkpo (Ijaw)Atlantic coastendangerednesting beaches
- Tantalus monkeyChlorocebus tantalusCercopithecidaeEdun (Yoruba)Biri (Hausa)farmland primatefarm raider
- Siam weedChromolaena odorataAsteraceaeAkintola (Yoruba)Obiara ilu (Igbo)blood clottingwoundswound healing
- Bagrid catfish (silver)Chrysichthys nigrodigitatusClaroteidaeObokun (Yoruba)Azu obokun (Igbo)lagoon fishery
- African star appleChrysophyllum albidumSapotaceaeAgbalumo (Yoruba)Agwaluma (Hausa)Udara (Igbo)fruitvitamin C
- Shea caterpillarCirina fordaSaturniidaeKanni (Yoruba)Kworia (Hausa)edible caterpillar
- OgboloCissus populneaVitaceaeOgbolo (Yoruba)Dafara (Hausa)fertility tonicmucilage
- WatermelonCitrullus lanatusCucurbitaceaeBara (Yoruba)Kankana (Hausa)fruithydrationseed soup
- LimeCitrus aurantifoliaRutaceaeOsan wewe (Yoruba)Lemun tsami (Hausa)juicecold remedycough remedy
- GrapefruitCitrus paradisiRutaceaeOsan gerepu (Yoruba)juicevitamin Cfruit
- Sweet orangeCitrus sinensisRutaceaeOsan (Yoruba)Lemu (Hausa)Oroma (Igbo)fruitjuicevitamin C
- African civetCivettictis civettaViverridaeEta (Yoruba)Jaki na daji (Hausa)nocturnal omnivorecivet muskomnivore
- African sharptooth catfishClarias gariepinusClariidaeEja aro (Yoruba)Tarwada (Hausa)Azu ndu (Igbo)aquaculturepepper soup
- Tree spinachCnidoscolus aconitifoliusEuphorbiaceaeIyana ipaja (Yoruba)vegetabletonic
- Coconut palmCocos nuciferaArecaceaeAgbon (Yoruba)Kwakwar teku (Hausa)Aku oyibo (Igbo)oildrinkfibre
- Arabica coffeeCoffea arabicaRubiaceaeKofi (Yoruba)Kofi (Hausa)beveragecash crop
- Robusta coffeeCoffea canephoraRubiaceaeKofi (Hausa)beveragecash crop
- Abata kolaCola acuminataMalvaceaeObi abata (Yoruba)Oji Igbo (Igbo)ritualhospitalitystimulant
- Kola nutCola nitidaMalvaceaeObi gbanja (Yoruba)Goro (Hausa)Oji (Igbo)stimulanthospitalityhospitality rite
- CocoyamColocasia esculentaAraceaeKoko (Yoruba)Gwaza (Hausa)Ede (Igbo)soup thickenerstaple
- Rock dove / pigeonColumba liviaColumbidaeEyele (Yoruba)Tantabara (Hausa)urban birdritual
- KinkelibaCombretum micranthumCombretaceaeGeza (Hausa)herbal teadigestion
- African myrrhCommiphora africanaBurseraceaeDashi (Hausa)resinperfume
- Jute mallowCorchorus olitoriusMalvaceaeEwedu (Yoruba)Ayoyo (Hausa)Kerenkere (Igbo)ewedu soupiron-rich
- Pied crowCorvus albusCorvidaeKannakanna (Yoruba)Hankaka (Hausa)urban scavenger
- Bush cane / ginger lilyCostus aferCostaceaeTete-egun (Yoruba)Okpete (Igbo)coughdiabetes
- Harlequin quailCoturnix delegorgueiPhasianidaeAparo (Yoruba)Makwarwa (Hausa)game bird
- Yoruban bologiCrassocephalum rubensAsteraceaeEbolo (Yoruba)vegetabledigestive
- West African mangrove oysterCrassostrea gasarOstreidaeNgolo (Ijaw)seafoodmangrove
- Gambian pouched ratCricetomys gambianusNesomyidaeOkete (Yoruba)Bera (Hausa)Nkakwu (Igbo)bushmeatlandmine detectionmine detection
- Nile crocodileCrocodylus niloticusCrocodylidaeOni (Yoruba)Kada (Hausa)Agu iyi (Igbo)river predator
- West African crocodileCrocodylus suchusCrocodylidaeOni (Yoruba)Kada (Hausa)Agu iyi (Igbo)sacred in some townssacred poolswetland predator
- Spotted hyenaCrocuta crocutaHyaenidaeIkoko (Yoruba)Kura (Hausa)scavengersavanna scavenger
- Egusi melonCucumeropsis manniiCucurbitaceaeEgusi (Yoruba)Egwusi (Igbo)egusi soupoil
- PumpkinCucurbita maximaCucurbitaceaeElegede (Yoruba)Kabewa (Hausa)foodseeds
- TurmericCurcuma longaZingiberaceaeAta ile pupa (Yoruba)Gangamau (Hausa)spiceanti-inflammatory
- LemongrassCymbopogon citratusPoaceaeKoriko oba (Yoruba)Tsauri (Hausa)Achara ehi (Igbo)fever teamalaria
- Senegalese tonguesoleCynoglossus senegalensisCynoglossidaeEja abo (Yoruba)coastal fishery
- Tiger nutCyperus esculentusCyperaceaeOfio (Yoruba)Aya (Hausa)Aki hausa (Igbo)kunu aya drinkfertilitykunun aya drink
- African pearDacryodes edulisBurseraceaeElemi (Yoruba)Ube (Igbo)fruit with cornoilroasted with corn
- African copaiba balsamDaniellia oliveriFabaceaeIya (Yoruba)Maje (Hausa)resintimber
- Flame of the forestDelonix regiaFabaceaeSekeseke (Yoruba)ornamentalshade
- Jameson's mambaDendroaspis jamesoniElapidaeAgwo osisi (Igbo)arboreal venomous snake
- White-faced whistling duckDendrocygna viduataAnatidaeAgwagwar daji (Hausa)wetland waterfowl
- Pepper fruitDennettia tripetalaAnnonaceaeAko (Yoruba)Mmimi (Igbo)snack fruitcough
- Sweet detarDetarium microcarpumFabaceaeTaura (Hausa)Ofo (Igbo)ofor thickenerfruitsoup thickener
- Velvet tamarindDialium guineenseFabaceaeAwin (Yoruba)Tsamiyar kurmi (Hausa)Icheku (Igbo)sweet-sour fruit
- Acha / fonioDigitaria exilisPoaceaeAcha (Hausa)gluten-free graindiabetic-friendly grain
- Water yamDioscorea alataDioscoreaceaeEwura (Yoruba)Ji abana (Igbo)ojojoporridgestaple food
- Aerial yamDioscorea bulbiferaDioscoreaceaeEmina (Yoruba)Adu (Igbo)foodfamine croppoultice
- Yellow yamDioscorea cayenensisDioscoreaceaeIsu pupa (Yoruba)Ji oku (Igbo)staple food
- Bitter yamDioscorea dumetorumDioscoreaceaeEsuru (Yoruba)Ona (Igbo)famine fooddiabetes care
- White yamDioscorea rotundataDioscoreaceaeIsu (Yoruba)Doya (Hausa)Ji (Igbo)pounded yamstaplestaple food
- African ebonyDiospyros mespiliformisEbenaceaeIgi dudu (Yoruba)Kanya (Hausa)fruittimber
- West African carpet viperEchis ocellatusViperidaeOjola kekere (Yoruba)Kububuwa (Hausa)major snakebite causeleading snakebite killer
- Freshwater clamEgeria radiataDonacidaeNgolo (Igbo)Ogbo (Ijaw)seafoodlime
- Water hyacinthEichhornia crassipesPontederiaceaeEwe odo (Yoruba)invasive weedcrafts
- Straw-coloured fruit batEidolon helvumPteropodidaeAdan (Yoruba)Jemage (Hausa)Usu (Igbo)seed dispersermigratoryseed dispersal
- Oil palmElaeis guineensisArecaceaeOpe (Yoruba)Kwakwa (Hausa)Nkwu (Igbo)palm oilpalm wine
- Finger milletEleusine coracanaPoaceaeTamba (Hausa)porridgebrewing
- West African ladyfishElops lacertaElopidaeSisi (Ijaw)estuary fishery
- African yellow woodEnantia chloranthaAnnonaceaeAwopa (Yoruba)Uwuru (Igbo)jaundicemalaria
- Gambian epauletted fruit batEpomophorus gambianusPteropodidaeJemage (Hausa)pollinator
- Patas monkeyErythrocebus patasCercopithecidaeBiri (Hausa)savanna primate
- Bonga shadEthmalosa fimbriataDorosomatidaeSawa (Yoruba)smoked fish trade
- Asthma weedEuphorbia hirtaEuphorbiaceaeEmi ile (Yoruba)Nte ekwe (Igbo)asthmacough
- Northern red bishopEuplectes franciscanusPloceidaeJan tsuntsu (Hausa)grassland birdwetland bird
- Winter thornFaidherbia albidaFabaceaeGawo (Hausa)soil fertilityfodder
- Sandpaper treeFicus exasperataMoraceaeIpin (Yoruba)Aruru (Igbo)hypertensionabrasive leaf
- Strangler figFicus thonningiiMoraceaeOdan (Yoruba)Cediya (Hausa)shadefodder
- Double-spurred francolinFrancolinus bicalcaratusPhasianidaeAparo (Yoruba)Nkwo (Igbo)game bird
- Fire-footed rope squirrelFunisciurus pyrropusSciuridaeOkere (Yoruba)forest rodent
- Senegal bushbabyGalago senegalensisGalagidaeKadangaren dare (Hausa)nocturnal primate
- Domestic chickenGallus gallusPhasianidaeAdie (Yoruba)Kaza (Hausa)Okuko (Igbo)poultryceremony
- Domestic chickenGallus gallus domesticusPhasianidaeAdiye (Yoruba)Kaza (Hausa)Okuko (Igbo)poultryeggs
- Bitter kolaGarcinia kolaClusiaceaeOrogbo (Yoruba)Namijin goro (Hausa)Akiilu (Igbo)coughdetoxantimicrobial
- Red-fronted gazelleGazella rufifronsBovidaeBarewa (Hausa)Sahel grassland
- Common genetGenetta genettaViverridaeKyanwar daji (Hausa)nocturnal hunternocturnal carnivore
- Riverine tsetse flyGlossina palpalisGlossinidaeKudan tsando (Hausa)sleeping sickness vector
- SoybeanGlycine maxFabaceaeSoya (Yoruba)Waken soya (Hausa)soy milkprotein
- GmelinaGmelina arboreaLamiaceaeGmelina (Yoruba)pulpwoodplantationpoles
- Wild spinachGnetum africanumGnetaceaeOkazi (Igbo)Afang (Efik)afang / okazi soup
- UtaziGongronema latifoliumApocynaceaeArokeke (Yoruba)Utazi (Igbo)Utasi (Efik)soup spicediabetes
- Cross River gorillaGorilla gorilla diehliHominidaeEnyoh (Efik)critically endangered
- CottonGossypium hirsutumMalvaceaeOwu (Yoruba)Auduga (Hausa)textilecash croptextile fibre
- GuieraGuiera senegalensisCombretaceaeSabara (Hausa)coughfever
- Aba / trunkfishGymnarchus niloticusGymnarchidaeEja osan (Yoruba)Kacici (Hausa)electric fishfisheryfreshwater fishery
- Hadada ibisHagedashia hagedashThreskiornithidaewetland forager
- Woodland kingfisherHalcyon senegalensisAlcedinidaeEye omi (Yoruba)savanna birdinsect hunter
- Atama / bush appleHeinsia crinitaRubiaceaeAtama (Efik)banga soup spice
- Gambian sun squirrelHeliosciurus gambianusSciuridaeOkere igi (Yoruba)tree squirrel
- Brook's house geckoHemidactylus brookiiGekkonidaeOmonile (Yoruba)Kadangaren gida (Hausa)household insect control
- Egyptian mongooseHerpestes ichneumonHerpestidaeIkun (Yoruba)Tunku (Hausa)snake hunter
- Giant African catfishHeterobranchus bidorsalisClariidaeEja aro nla (Yoruba)aquaculture
- Vundu catfishHeterobranchus longifilisClariidaeEja aro nla (Yoruba)aquaculture
- African bonytongueHeterotis niloticusArapaimidaeEja obokun odo (Yoruba)Faro (Hausa)river fisheryfloodplain fishery
- KenafHibiscus cannabinusMalvaceaeEwe rama (Yoruba)Rama (Hausa)soupfibre
- Roselle / zoboHibiscus sabdariffaMalvaceaeIsapa (Yoruba)Yakuwa / Zobo (Hausa)Okwuru oyibo (Igbo)zobo drinkblood pressure
- HippopotamusHippopotamus amphibiusHippopotamidaeErinmi (Yoruba)Dorina (Hausa)Enyi mmiri (Igbo)Niger & Benue riversriver ecosystems
- Noack's roundleaf batHipposideros ruberHipposideridaeAdan kekere (Yoruba)insect control
- Roan antelopeHippotragus equinusBovidaeGwanki (Hausa)savanna antelope
- Barn swallowHirundo rusticaHirundinidaeAlapandede (Yoruba)migratory insectivore
- African groove-crowned frogHoplobatrachus occipitalisDicroglossidaeKonko (Yoruba)Kwado (Hausa)wetland amphibianedible frog
- AbeereHunteria umbellataApocynaceaeAbeere (Yoruba)blood sugarweight
- Doum palmHyphaene thebaicaArecaceaeGoriba (Hausa)fruitfibremats
- Crested porcupineHystrix cristataHystricidaeOore (Yoruba)Beguwa (Hausa)quillsbushmeat
- Spear grassImperata cylindricaPoaceaeEkan (Yoruba)Tofa (Hausa)thatchweed
- Sweet potatoIpomoea batatasConvolvulaceaeKukundunku (Yoruba)Dankali (Hausa)Ji bekee (Igbo)staplevitamin Astaple food
- Bush mangoIrvingia gabonensisIrvingiaceaeOro (Yoruba)Goron biri (Hausa)Ogbono (Igbo)ogbono soupfruitogbono draw soup
- Doka treeIsoberlinia dokaFabaceaeDoka (Hausa)woodland treecharcoal
- Physic nutJatropha curcasEuphorbiaceaeLapalapa (Yoruba)Bini da zugu (Hausa)biodieselhedgepurgative
- Blood of Jesus / hospital too farJusticia carneaAcanthaceaeEje Jesu (Yoruba)Jinin Yesu (Hausa)Ogwu obara (Igbo)anaemiablood tonic
- African mahoganyKhaya senegalensisMeliaceaeOganwo (Yoruba)Madaci (Hausa)bitter tonictimberbitter bark tonic
- Sausage treeKigelia africanaBignoniaceaePandoro (Yoruba)Rawuya (Hausa)skintraditional medicineskin care
- Forest hinge-back tortoiseKinixys erosaTestudinidaeIjapa (Yoruba)Kunkuru (Hausa)Mbe (Igbo)folklore tricksterfolklore (Ijapa)
- Kob antelopeKobus kobBovidaeKwanki (Hausa)floodplain antelopeYankari herds
- Bottle gourdLagenaria sicerariaCucurbitaceaeIgba (Yoruba)Duma (Hausa)calabashfoodutensils
- Greater blue-eared starlingLamprotornis chalybaeusSturnidaeAlkwana (Hausa)fruit eater
- Editan leafLasianthera africanaStemonuraceaeEditan (Efik)editan soupappetite
- Nile perchLates niloticusLatidaeGiwan ruwa (Hausa)commercial fishery
- African wild lettuceLaunaea taraxacifoliaAsteraceaeYanrin (Yoruba)saladliver tonic
- HennaLawsonia inermisLythraceaeLaali (Yoruba)Lalle (Hausa)body arthair dye
- Olive ridley turtleLepidochelys olivaceaCheloniidaeIkpo bou (Ijaw)nests on Nigerian beachescoastal nesting
- African savanna hareLepus victoriaeLeporidaeEhoro (Yoruba)Zomo (Hausa)Oke bekee (Igbo)bushmeat
- White leadtreeLeucaena leucocephalaFabaceaefodderagroforestry
- Bronze mannikinLonchura cucullataEstrildidaeEye kekere (Yoruba)seed eater
- Dwarf red ironwoodLophira lanceolataOchnaceaeNamijin kadanya (Hausa)oil seedstimber
- African grey hornbillLophoceros nasutusBucerotidaeAkala (Yoruba)woodland bird
- African bush elephantLoxodonta africanaElephantidaeErin (Yoruba)Giwa (Hausa)Enyi (Igbo)Yankari & Kainji wildlife
- African forest elephantLoxodonta cyclotisElephantidaeErin igbo (Yoruba)Giwar daji (Hausa)Enyi (Igbo)Cross River forestsYankari & Omo forests
- Side-striped jackalLupulella adustaCanidaeKolokolo (Yoruba)Dila (Hausa)savanna carnivore
- African wild dogLycaon pictusCanidaeKyarketai (Hausa)nearly extirpated locally
- African river prawnMacrobrachium vollenhoveniiPalaemonidaeEde (Yoruba)Ise (Igbo)seafood
- Mound-building termiteMacrotermes bellicosusTermitidaeEsunsun (Yoruba)Gara (Hausa)Aku (Igbo)edible alatessoil
- Electric catfishMalapterurus electricusMalapteruridaeEja ojiji (Yoruba)freshwater predator
- DrillMandrillus leucophaeusCercopithecidaeDrill (Efik)Cross River endemicendangeredCross River forests
- MangoMangifera indicaAnacardiaceaeMangoro (Yoruba)Mangwaro (Hausa)Mangoro (Igbo)fruitleaf tealeaf tea for fever
- CassavaManihot esculentaEuphorbiaceaeEge (Yoruba)Rogo (Hausa)Akpu (Igbo)garrifufustarch
- White-bellied pangolinManis tricuspisManidaeAkika (Yoruba)Karan kashi (Hausa)Ngwere ukwu (Igbo)endangeredtraffickedheavily trafficked
- Slender-snouted crocodileMecistops cataphractusCrocodylidaeKada (Ijaw)critically endangered
- TurkeyMeleagris gallopavoPhasianidaeTolotolo (Yoruba)Talotalo (Hausa)poultry
- Northern carmine bee-eaterMerops nubicusMeropidaeTsuntsun zuma (Hausa)migratory bird
- IrokoMilicia excelsaMoraceaeIroko (Yoruba)Oji (Igbo)Abang (Efik)timbersacred treepremium timber
- Yellow-billed kiteMilvus aegyptiusAccipitridaeAsa (Yoruba)Shaho (Hausa)urban raptorraptor
- False aburaMitragyna inermisRubiaceaeGiyayya (Hausa)fevertimber
- Bitter melonMomordica charantiaCucurbitaceaeEjinrin (Yoruba)Garahuni (Hausa)Akban endene (Igbo)blood sugarmalariadiabetes
- African nutmegMonodora myristicaAnnonaceaeAriwo (Yoruba)Ehuru (Igbo)soup spice
- MoringaMoringa oleiferaMoringaceaeEwe igbale (Yoruba)Zogale (Hausa)Okwe oyibo (Igbo)nutritionhypertension
- Elephant-snout fishMormyrus rumeMormyridaeKawara (Hausa)river fishery
- Velvet beanMucuna pruriensFabaceaeWerepe (Yoruba)Agbala (Igbo)fertility toniccover crop
- Horse eye beanMucuna sloaneiFabaceaeUkpo (Igbo)soup thickener
- Flathead grey mulletMugil cephalusMugilidaeEja kuta (Yoruba)estuary fishery
- BananaMusa acuminataMusaceaeOgede wewe (Yoruba)Ayaba (Hausa)fruitpotassium
- PlantainMusa paradisiacaMusaceaeOgede agbagba (Yoruba)Ayaba (Hausa)Unere (Igbo)bolistapleboiled/fried food
- Giant yellow mulberryMyrianthus arboreusUrticaceaeUjuju (Igbo)soupfruit
- Forest cobraNaja melanoleucaElapidaeSebe (Yoruba)venomous
- Black-necked spitting cobraNaja nigricollisElapidaeOka (Yoruba)Kumurci (Hausa)Agwo ojii (Igbo)venomousantivenom source
- Napoleon's hatNapoleonaea imperialisLecythidaceaeAko igbaro (Yoruba)Mkpodu (Igbo)fruitbark medicine
- OpepeNauclea diderrichiiRubiaceaeOpepe (Yoruba)Uburu (Igbo)timberstomach medicine